13 Sayısı Niçin Uğursuzdur?

13 sayısının uğursuz olduğuna ilişkin inanç dünyada o kadar yaygındır ki, yaşamı birçok yönde ciddi olarak etkilemektedir. Bazı ülkelerde evlerin kapılarına 13 numarası verilmez, uçaklarda 13. koltuk sırası yoktur, apartmanlarda, otellerde 13. kat ya 12A'dır ya da 14'tür. 13 numaralı oda yoktur. Olsa bile insanlar o odada kalmak istemezler. Hatta ayın 13'ünde işe gelmeme, uçak ve tren rezervasyonlarının iptali, alışverişin düşmesi ve benzeri davranışların ABD 'ye günde milyonlarca dolara mal olduğu söylenmektedir. Bu inanç bir fobi yani bir çeşit korku hastalığı olarak kabul edilmiş olup adı 'triskaidekaphobia'dır.

Genel olarak bu inancın, Hz. İsa'nın meşhur son yemeğindeki havarilerin sayısından kaynaklandığı sanılsa da, kökü çok daha eskilere mitolojik tanrıların yaşadığına inanılan çağlara, İskandinavya topraklarına kadar gider.

O zamanlarda ışık ve güzellik tanrısı Balder bir ziyafet verir. Balder Vikking'lerin meşhur tanrısı Odin ile Frigga'nın oğulları olup, ay kraliçesi Nanna'nın da eşidir. Bu ziyafete 12 kişi davetli iken, yalanların ve hilelerin tanrısı Loki, davetli olmadığı halde, zorla 13. kişi olarak katılmak ister. Ancak bu arada çıkan tartışmada, Loki diğer tanrılar tarafından da çok sevilen Balder'i öldürür.

Bu mitolojik hikaye ve inanış İskandinavya'dan Avrupa'nın güneyine kadar yayılır. Hıristiyan din adamları bu halk masalını kullanırlar ve Hz. İsa'nın son yemeğine uygularlar. Hıristiyan versiyonunda Balder'in yerini Hz. İsa, Loki'nin yerini de hain Judas alır. Bu yemekten sonra 24 saat içinde de Hz. İsa çarmıha gerilerek öldürülür. Bu nedenle Hıristiyanlarda akşam yemeğinde 13 kişi bir araya gelirse bunlardan birinin başına bir felaket geleceğine inanılır.

Bu inanışlara göre 13 sayısı uğursuzdur ama ayın cumaya rastlayan 13. günü hepten uğursuzdur. Ancak böyle bir günde doğmuşsanız tam tersi, yani 13 sizin uğurlu gününüzdür.

Cuma gününün uğursuz sayılmasına Havva anamızın Adem babamıza elmayı cuma günü yedirtip cennetten kovulmasına sebep olması, Hz. Nuh zamanındaki büyük selin cuma günü olması, Hz. İsa'nın cuma günü çarmıha gerilmesi gibi olaylardan biri veya hepsi neden olmuş olabilir. Müslümanlar ise Hz. Adem'in cuma günü yaratıldığına inandıklarından bu güne diğer günlerden daha çok değer verirler.

13 sayısının uğursuzluğuna duyulan inancın kökeninde bir yıl içinde ayın 13 kez dolunay olarak gözükmesinin yattığını söyleyenler de vardır.

Gelinliklerin Rengi Niçin Beyazdır?

Çocuk annesine sormuş: 'Anne gelinlerin giysisi niçin beyaz renkte?' Annesi cevaplamış: 'Beyaz renk masumiyetin ve mutluluğun sembolüdür.' Çocuk tekrar sormuş: 'Peki o zaman damatlar niçin siyah giyiyorlar?'

Eski Roma'da gelinliklerin rengi sarıydı. Gelinler yine sarı renkte peçe takıyorlardı. Peçe evli ve bekar kadınları ayırt ediyordu. Ortaçağlarda ise gelinliğin rengi üzerinde pek durulmadı. Kumaşın kaliteli ve gösterişli olması daha önemliydi. Herkes en iyi elbiselerini giyiyordu, renk de herkesin kendi tercihine göreydi.

Beyaz gelinlik adetinin yaygınlaşması 16. yüzyılda olmuştur. Bu yıllarda kraliyet ailesi gelinlerinin gümüşi renkte gelinlik giymeleri gelenekti. Kraliçe Viktorya bunu reddetti ve beyaz gelinlik giymekte ısrar etti.

Bundan sonra İngiliz ve Fransız yazarlar, beyaz rengin masumiyetin simgesi olduğu konusunu işlemeye başladılar. O dönem ahlakına göre bekaret evliliğin vazgeçilmez koşulu olduğu için beyaz gelinlik adeti tuttu. Evlenirken beyaz giysi giymek genç kızların bekaretlerini topluma ilan etmelerinin vasıtası oldu.

Gelinlikle ilgili bazı batıl inançlar da var. Bunlara göre gelinin gelinliğini bizzat kendisi dikmesi, damadın düğünden önce gelini gelinlikle görmesi, gelinin gelinliği düğünden önce giymesi uğursuzluk getiriyor.

Söz evlenmeden açılınca evlilik yüzüğünden de bahsetmek gerekiyor. İnsanların evlenince yüzük takmaları eski Mısırlıların inançlarına dayanıyor. Milattan 2800 yıl önce Mısır'da yaşayanlar dairenin veya halka şeklindeki cisimlerin, başlangıç ve bitiş noktalarının olmaması nedeni ile sonsuzluğu - temsil ettiklerine inanıyorlardı. Yüzük evliliğin sonsuza dek süreceğini simgeliyordu. Sonra bu inanç ve adet Romalılar vasıtası ile iyice yaygınlaştı. Kazılarda o devirlere ait çok ilginç evlilik yüzüklerine rastlanılmıştır.

Evlilik yüzüğünün sol ele ve sondan bir önceki parmağa takılmasının sebebi ise modern tıbbın gelişmesinden önceki devirlere ait yanlış bir insan anatomisi bilgisidir. O zamanlarda dolaşım sistemimizdeki ana damarın sol elimizde bu parmaktan başlayıp kalbimize gittiği sanılıyordu. Böylece buraya takılan yüzükler evli çiftin kalben bağlılığını simgeliyordu. Gerçi şimdi damarların nereden gelip nereye gittiği biliniyor ama bu da bir adet olarak kaldı.

Erkekler Niçin Kravat Takar?

Takılar hariç üzerimizdeki her giysinin bir fonksiyonu vardır. Peki kravatın boğazı sıkmaktan başka fonksiyonu nedir? Her iki yakayı bir araya getirmekse düğme o işi görüyor. Düğmeleri örtüp giysimizi güzel ve renkli kılmaksa kadınlar niye takmıyor? Pek de kravat sever bir millet olmadığımız açıktır ama ister inanın, ister inanmayın kravatın ortaya çıkışında Türklerin de rolü var.

1660'da Osmanlılar Avusturya ordusuna yenilince o zamanlar Avusturya-Macaristan imparatorluğu sınırları içinde olan Hırvatistan'dan (Croatia) bir alay asker zaferin kahramanları olarak Paris'e götürüldüler ve kralın huzuruna çıkarıldılar. Bu askerler boğazlarına renkli mendiller takmışlardı. Bu mendiller Romalılar devrinde hatiplerin, ses tellerini sıcak tutmak için boğazlarına sardıkları mendillere benziyordu. Kral çok beğendi ve kendisi de krallık kravatları takan bir alay kurdu. Kravat kelimesi de Hırvat anlamındaki 'Croat'tan türedi.

Çok geçmeden bu moda İngiltere'ye sıçradı. Hiçbir centilmen boğazına bir şey sarmadan kendini iyi giyinmiş hissetmiyordu. Kravat o zamanlar o kadar yüksek bağlanırdı ki, insanlar vücudunu döndürmeden etrafa bakamıyorlardı, ama hiç olmazsa bir faydası vardı. Kılıç darbelerine karşı boyunu koruyordu.

Kravat çeşitli şekillerde yüzyıllarca yerini korudu, yüzden fazla değişik bağlama şekli geliştirildi. Bağlama şekilleri üzerine kitaplar yazıldı. 1960 gençliğinin düzene baş kaldırması sırasında biraz gözden düştü ama 1970'li yıllardan başlayarak popülaritesi yine arttı. Tabii ki patronlar kravat takınca çalışanlara da başka seçenek kalmıyordu.

Kravatlar erkeklerin elbise dolaplarının en kolay yıpranabilir aksesuarlarıdır. Genellikle erkekler kravatı düğümünün bir tarafından, ince ucunu Çekerek çıkarırlar. Halbuki doğru yol kravatı bağlarken hangi hareketleri yaptıysanız, sökerken de ters sıra ile aynısını yapmanızdır.

Kravatı çıkardıktan sonra her iki ucunu birleştirip iki kat yapmanız, parmağınızın üzerine bir kemer gibi sarmanız, parmağınızı içinden çektikten sonra bütün gece o şekilde muhafaza etmeniz uzmanlar tarafından tavsiye ediliyor. Eğer söz konusu olan bir ipek kravat ise sabahleyin de hemen askıya asmanız gerekiyor, bu şekilde içindeki fiberler orijinal şekillerine gelecektir. Son bir uyarı: Üzerinde leke olsa bile ipek kravatları kuru temizlemeye göndermeyin, deforme olabilirler, mümkün olduğunca kendiniz temizlemeye çalışın bu da bir sonuç vermezse dikişlerini söküp mendil olarak kullanabilirsiniz.

Ata Neden Soldan Binilir?

Diğer birçok alışkanlıkta olduğu gibi, bunun da sebebi, insanların çoğunun sağ ellerini kullanıyor olmalarıdır. Asırlar önce, daha çok sağ ellerini kullanan insanlar, kılıçlarını kolay çekebilmeleri için, kılıçlarını kınlarında, sol taraflarında taşıyorlardı.

Ata binerken, sol dizin altına kadar inen bu uzun kılıçla ata sağdan binmek, yani sağ ayağı üzengiye koyup, sol ayağı atın üzerine atarak binmek kılıç nedeni ile zor oluyordu.

Soldan, sol ayağı üzengi üzerine koyup, sağ ayağı atın üzerine atarak binince kılıç sorun yaratmıyordu. Özellikle savaşa giden ordularda disiplin nedeni ile bir örnek hareket edilmesi gerektiğinden, solaklar da ata soldan binmek zorunda kalıyorlardı.

Artık biniciler kılıç taşımıyorlarsa da, ata soldan binmek günümüze kadar uzanan bir gelenek haline geldi.

İngilizce Deyimler V

MAKE FOR: Go (or come) towards.

This ship is making for Karşıyaka.
The mad dog made for me, so I made off.

MAKE UP: Use cosmetics.

Television actors have to make up very carefully.

MAKE UP: Fabricate, compose.

She knew she would be late, so she began making up her excuse.
Do you like song? I made it up myself.

MAKE UP INTO: We buy sugar in bulk and make it up into kilo packets before selling it.

MAKE UP FOR: Compensate for.

A few days holiday will make up for the extra work you did last week.

MAKE UP TO: Flatter, try to find favour (with).

The cat is making up to me, hoping to get more milk.

MAKE OFF WITH: Run away (with).

The thief made off with my wallet.

MAKE OUT: Discern, (by sight, by hearing, understanding)

He speaks so fast I can’t make out what he says.
Can you make out this word? It’s badly written.

MAKE OUT: Prepare an account, bill, cheque.

Make your cheque out to “Essadarius Center”

MAKE OVER: Transfer property.

When my uncle retired he made the firm over to my cousin.

MAKE DO (WITH): Manage as well as one can (with).

There are no means of cooking anything today so please make do with a sandwich for lunch. 

MAKE UP ONE’S MIND: Decide, form a firm opinion.

I can’t give you an answer immediately, -I need a few days to make up my mind whether to say “yes, or no”.

MIX UP: Confuse.

He mixed up the addresses so that no one got the right letters.

MUCK ABOUT/AROUND: To behave in a silly way or to waste the time.

Stop mucking around and come and help me.

POINT OUT: To direct attenttion to sth. Indicate, show.

I’d like to point out that we haven’t got much time to play baskatball.

PUT STH ACROSS/OVER: To say sth clearly, so that people can understand it.

He didn’t put his ideas across very well at the meeting.

PUT BACK: To return sth to its place.

He put books back on the shelf.

PUT BACK: To change the time shown on a clock, etc.. to an earlier time.

We have put the clocks back tonigt.

PUT STH FORWARD: To change the time shown on a clock, etc to a later time.

We put the clocks in sprig.

PUT BY: Save, not spend.

I have put by a little money for my old age.

PUT OUT: Extinguish.

Please put out the light before you go to sleep.

PUT OUT: Embarrass.

The young man’s tactless questions put me out.

PUT OFF: Postpone.

We are very busy at the office, I must put off my holiday for a while.

PUT UP: Lodge, find a bed.

When I am in London I usually put up at my uncle’s house.
My uncle. puts me up in Havza.

PUT UP WITH: Bear, stand, endure, suffer.

He is very rude. I can’t put up with his bad manners.
Can you put up with the pain?My dentist asked me.

PUT OFF: Cause to dislike, repel.

It’s the smell that puts me off beer.
The title of the film put me off and I never went to see it.

REVEL IN DOING STH: To enjoy sth very much.

He likes being famous and revels in the attention he gets.

RIG STH UP: To make sth quickly.

We tried to rig up a shelter, using our rugs and coats.

RING BACK: To phone sb again.

RUN OUT OFF: Have no more.

We’ve run out of sugar so we can’t have tea today.

BE RUN DOWN: Weak, not well.

The doctor says I’m run down and need a holiday.

RUN DOWN: Speak ill of someone.

She’s always running someone down but never to anyone’s face.

STAND BY: Be present but take no action.

Would you sand by while someone set fire to your house?

STAND BY: Support someone.

Don’t be afraid to speak to the boss...we’ll all stand by you.

STAND BY: Be present in case one is needed.Act as reserve.

We shall need six men to sail the boat and to to stand by.

STAND FOR: signify, represent.

The leters U.N.O. stand for United Nations Organisation.

STAND FOR: Offer oneself as a candidate.

Is Essa standing for chairman? I shall stand for parliament next year.

SET ABOUT: Make a start.

M.Ali would like to join a club but doesn’t know how to set about it.

SET OFF: Ornament, embellish.

She wore a plain black hat set off with a little bunch of violets.

SET OUT: Display arrange in good order.

A shopkeeper sets out his goods to attract customers.
Public speakers and writers should seet out their points in logical sequence.

SET UP: Establish, form.

The government has set up a committee.
I should like to set up my own business.

TAKE AFTER: Be like resemble.

M.Ali takes after his father in character.

TAKE IN: Cheat, deceive.

You can’t take me in with your stories of green horses and castles in Spain.

TAKE ON: Engage.

Tell the champion I’ll take him on for $50000.

TAKE OFF: Leave the ground.

Aeroplanes take off and all day at this busy airport.

TAKE OFF: Imitate in order to ridicule.

Have you heard Alper taking off the Prime Minister?He is really funny.

TAKE TO: Feel a liking for.

I took to this country on my very first day here.

TAKE UP: Begin to occupy oneself with.

I must take up tennis again.

TAKE OVER: Replace, act in place of.

At ten o’clock M.Ali takes over from the captain.
The captain takes over again from ESER UMAN in the morning.

TURN OUT: Result.

I’ve never made a cake before but this one has turned out very well.
Don’t worry, eveything will turn out all right.

TURN OUT: Produce.

Our factory turns out five hundred cars eveyday.

TURN OUT: Clothe, dress.

Essa always turns his children out very clear and tidy.

TURN DOWN: Reject.

The manager turned down my request for a day off.

TURN UP: Appear when not expected.

We were surprised. Gökhan turned up at the party last night.

WEAR OUT: Wear until useless.

These old shoes are still very good. Perhaps I’ll never wear them out.

WORK OUT: Reckon.

How much is ¼ of 268? Work out the answer in your mind.

WORK OUT: Prepare.

Have you worked out a timetable for the gymnasium yet.

WRITE OFF: Declare it valueless.

Eser’s car was so badly damaged that the insurance company simply wrote it off.

İngilizce Deyimler IV

HANG STH OUT: To put washing, etc. on a clothesline, so that it, car dry.

HAVE (GOT) STH ON: 1-) To be wearing sth.

She’s got a green jumper on.
What did the man on?

2-) (infomal) To have an arrangement to do sth.

I have got nothing on, on Monday.

HEAD FOR: To move towards a place. 

I think it’s time to head for home.

HEAD FROM SB: To receive a letter, telephone call, etc... from sb.

HELP (SB) OUT: To help sb in a difficult situation or to give money to help sb.

My parents have promised to help us out with buying the car.

HEM SB IN: To surround sb and prevent him/her from moving away.

We were hemmed in by the crowd and couldn’t leave.

HINGE ON STH: To depend on sth.

The future of the project hinges on the meeting today.

HIT BACK: To attack(with words)sb who attacked you.

The Prime Minister of Türkiye hit back at his crities.

HOLD ON: Wait.

Operator: Mr.Çevik’s line is engaged, will you hold on please?
Hold on! I’ll be with you in a minute.

HOLD OUT: Resist, survive.

Although they hadn’t eaten or slept for a week the regiment held out for three more days.Because they were Turks.

HOLD UP: Rob (using weapons)

Three masked men with pistols held up a bank yesterday.

HOLD OFF: Keep at distance, stay away.

The rain fortunately held off till after the school sports day.

HOOK (SB) UP: To link one television station with another.

The TRT is hooked up with NTV.

HOT UP: (informal) To become more exciting, with more things happening.

The election compaign has really hotted up in the past few days.

HURRY UP: (informal) To move or do sth quickly.

Hurry up, or we’ll miss the train.

HUSH STH UP: To stop people knowing about sth; to keep sth secret.

The police managed to hush up the whole affair.

ICE OVER: To cover become covered with ice.

The windscreen of the car had iced over in the night.

IDENTIFY WITH SB: To feel that you undersand and share what sb else is feeling.

I found it hard to identify with the woman in the film.

INQUIRE AFTER SB: To ask about sb’s health.

JOIN IN: To take a part in an activity.

She wouldn’t join in when everbody else playing basketball.

JOIN UP: To become a member of the army, navy or air force.

When the war was declared he joined up first.

JOT STH DOWN: To make a quick short note of sth.

Let me jot down your address.

JUMP AT STH: To accept an opportunity, offer,etc eagerly.

They asked me if I’d like to go on holiday with them and jumped at it.

JUT OUT: To stand out from sth.

Rocks that jut out into the sea.

KEEL OVER: To fall over sideways.

Several people keeled over in the heat.

KEEP STH DOWN: To make sth remain at a low level, to stop sth increasing.

Keep of your voice down.
The government is trying to keep prices down.

KEEP OFF STH: Not approach or go on sth.

Keep off the grass!

KEEP ON: To continue doing sth.

He keeps on interrupting me.

KEEP OUT: Not enter sth.

The sign said “Danger!Keep out!”

KEEP UP: To move at the same speed as sb.

Can’t you walk a bit slower?I can’t keep up.

KEEP UP: To know about what is happening.

You have to read the latest magazines if you want to keep up.

KICK OFF: To start a game of football.

KNOCK ABOUT/AROUND: (informal) To be in a place.

I’m sure last week’s newspaper is knocking around here somewhere.
I spent a few months knocking around Europe before I went to the university.

KNOCK OFF: (informal) To stop doing work, etc...

What time do you knocked off?

KNOCK SB OUT: 1-) To hit sb so that he/she becomes unconscious or cannot get up again for a while.

The punch on the nose knocked him out.

KNOCK OVER:To cause sb/sth to fall over.

Be careful not to knock over the drinks.

LASH OUT: To suddenly attack with sb/sth.

When he came home drunk his wife lashed out at him.

LAUGH AT SB/STH: To show by laughing that you think sb/ath is funny.

The children laughed at the clown.

LEAD UP TO SB: To be an introduction to or cause of sth.

What were the events that led up to the first world war.?

LEAVE OFF: Stop.

Leave off making that noise.

LET ON: Reveal.

Don’t let on to anyone that we are going out.

LET OFF: Discharge.

It was new year’s evening and people were letting off fireworks in the street.

LET OFF: Allow someone to go unpunished.

As he had never been in trouble before the judge let him off with a warning.
You have apologized for breaking the window, so I’ll let you off this time.

LET IN FOR: Cause.

I’m afarid your absence lets me in for a lot extra work.
Be careful!Don’t let yourself in for anything unpleasant.

LET UP: Relent, relax.

The storm started this morning and hasn’t let up all day.
We have almost finshed, don’t let up yet.

LET DOWN: Break a promise, cause disappointment.

He promised to meet me here at ten, but he has let me down again.
We have been partners for thirty years and have never let each other down.

LIVE STH DOWN: To make people forget sth bad or embarrassing that has happened to you.

They lost 10-nil?They’ll never live it down.

LIVE ON: To continue to live.

After his retirement he lived on for another 25 years.
Pir Sultan Abdal is dead, but his music lives on.

LIVE UP TO STH: To be as good as expected.

Children sometimes find it hard to live up to their parents’ expectations.

LOCK STH AWAY: To keep sth in a safe or secret place.

LOCK UP: Lock all the doors.

LOCK SB UP: To put sb in a prison.

All the prisoners are locked for the nights.

LOOK AFTER: Take care of.

Who looks after the baby while you’re away.

LOOK FOR: Try to find sth.

I’ve lost my watch. I must look for it.

LOOK INTO: Investigate.

The police look into all kinds of crime.

LOOK LIKE: Resemble.

Little Alper looks like her uncle.

LOOK ON: Watch without taking part.

Help me.Don’t just look like on while I’m trying to lift this sack.

LOOK OUT: Mind, be careful.

Look out for holes in the road surface.

LOOK TO: Expect from.

I’m the head so naturally the staff look to me for help and advice.

LOOK AHEAD: To think about or plan for the future.

Looking ahead a few years, there is going to be a shortage of skilled workers.

LOOK BACK: To think about sth in the past.

LOOK UP: To raise your eyes.

She looked up and smiled.

LOOK UP: To improve.

The computer online is looking up day by day.

İngilizce Deyimler III

GET ON FOR: To approach a certain time or age.

I’m not sure how old he is but he must be getting on for 50.

GET OUT: Escape from, leave.

My grandmother is very old, so she doesn’t get out of the house much.

GET OVER STH: 1-) To overcome a problem.

We’ll have to get over the problem of finding somewhere to live first.

2-) To recover from sth unpleasant, or from an illness.

He still hasn’t got over his wife’s death.
It took her a long time to get over her operation.
I can’t get over how rude he was.

GET UP: Organize, arrange.

They got up a concert in aid of concert research.

GET UP: Rise from bed.

I get up at seven o’clock every morning.

GIVE SB AWAY: To go with the bride into the church and officially give her to the bridegroom during the marriage ceremony.

Her father gave her away.

GIVE BACK: Restore a thing to its owner.

I must call at the library to give back this book.

GIVE IN: Admit defaat, yield.

Everyone said I was wrong so I gave in to their options.
The problem was too difficult for me. I had to give in.

GIVE UP: Cease, stop.

My father gave up cigarettes six months ago.
It’s hard to give up and old habbit.

GIVE UP: Surrender, abandon.

The wanted man gave himself up tp the police.
Our old house was too far away from town, so we gave up living in it.

GIVE OFF: Exude (of smells)

The liquid in the bottle game off a strong smell of almonds.
When water is heated, it gives off stream.

GIVE OUT: Become exhausted.

The gold in the mine gave out evebtually.
He struggled againist the bear until his strength gave out.

GIVE OUT: Distribute.

At the new hospital, they give out free medicine to everbody.
A boy stood at the door giving out programmes to the visitors.

GLANCE OFF (STH): To hit sb at an angle and move off again in another direction.

The ball glanced off the goalpost and into the net.

GLAZE OVER: (used about the eyes) To show no interest or expression.

GLORY IN STH: To take pleasure or pride in sth.

He gloried in his sporting success.

GO AGAINIST STH: To be opposed to or opposite to sth/not to be in agreement with sth.

It goes againist my principles to use violence.

GO AHEAD: Proceed, continue.

You go ahead and I’ll follow; I’m not quite ready.

GO AWAY: 1-) To leave the place where you live for a period of time of at least one night.

We’re going away this weekend and we’ll be back on Sunday evening.

2-) To disappear.

I’ve tried to remove the stain in the carpet, but it won’t go away.

GO BACK: Return, retire, retreat.

I’m never going back to that hotel. It’s the most uncomfortable.

GO DOWN: 1-) (used about a ship, etc...) To sink.

2-) (used about the sun) To disappear from the sky.

3-) To become later in price, level, etc...; to fall.

The price of these computers has gone down in the last years.
The number of people out of work went down last month.

GO DOWN WITH STH: To catch an illness; to become ill with sth.

Ten of our staf have gone down with flu.

GO FOR SB: To attack somebody.

The cat went for the dog and chased it out of the hall.

GO FOR SB/STH: To be true for a particular person or thing.

We’ve got financial problems but I suppose the same goes for a great many people.

GO IN: 1-) Enter.

2-) (used about the sun) To disappear behind a cloud.

GO OFF: Explode (by itself), fire (by itself) like a gun.

A bomb has gone off in the city center.

GO OFF: Become stale, begin to root.

This egg has gone off.

GO OFF: To make a sudden loud noise.

I woke up when my alarm clock went off.

GO ON: Cease, continue.

Please go on with your game.
This is a difficult problem but it won’t go on forever.

GO OUT: Stop shining, stop burning.

The fire has gone out and I’m cold.
We saw a sudden flash and the lights went out.

GO OUT: Leave the house.

Mum! I’m going out.

GO OVER STH: To look at, think about or discuss sth carefully from beginning to end.

Go over your work before you hand it in.

GO ROUND: 1-) Suffice 

Will there be enough wine to go round?

2-) Go to his/her...etc...house.

I said that I’d go round and see her during the weekend.

GO THROUGH: To be completed succesfully.

The deal went through as agreed.

GO THROUGH WITH STH: To do sth unpleasant or difficult that you have decided, agreed or threatened to do.

Do you think she’ll go through with her threat to leave him?

GO TOWARDS STH: To be used as part of the payment for sth.

The money, I was given for my birthday went towards my new bike.

GO UNDER: 1-) To sink below the surface of water.

2-) (informal) (used about a company) To go out of business.

A lot of firms are going under in the recession.

GO UP: 1-) To start burning suddenly and strongly.

The car crashed into a wall and went up in flames.

2-) To become higher in price, level, amount, etc...

Petrol has gone up again.
The birth rate has gone up by 10%

GO WITHOUT STH: To manage without having sth.

They went without sleep many nighs when the baby was ill.

GRASP AT STH: To try to seize or grasp sth.

He grasped at the swinging rope, but missed.

GROW INTO STH: 1-) To become.

She has grown into a very attractive child.

2-) To become big enough to fit clothes, etc...

The coat is too big for him, but he will soon grow into it.

GROW UP: To become mature or adult.

What do you want to be when you grow up?

GROW OUT OF: Abandon, on becoming older, a childish habit.

He used to tell a lot of lies as a young boy but he grew out of that letter on.

GUARD AGAINIST STH: To try to prevent sth or stop sth happening.

A good diet helps to guard againist disease.

GUN SB DOWN: (informal) To shoot sb and kill or seriously injure him\her.

HAND IN: To give sth to sb in authority.

I found a wallet and handed it in to the police.
She handed in her resignation.

HAND ON: To send or give sth to another person.

When you have read the article, please hand it on to Pınar.

HAND OUT: To give sth to many people in a group.

Food was handed out to the starving people.

HAND OVER: Surrender authority or respobsibility to another.

The Outgoing Minister handed over his department to his successor.

HAND ROUND: To give or show to each person present.

The hostess handed round coffee and cakes.

HANG ABOUT/AROUND:To stay in or near a place not doing very much.

I really hate hanging around in airports.

HANG BACK: To show unwillingness to act.

Everyone approved off the scheme but when we asked for volunteers, they all hung back.

İngilizce Deyimler II

DO UP: Fasten, button, zip, tie, redecorate.

Do up your overcoat!
When I do this room up. I’ll paint the walls cream.

DO WITHOUT: To manage without having sth.

If there isn’t any coffee left, we’ll just let have to do without.
We had to do without petrol during he fuel crisis.
You must do without my help tomarrow as I won’t be here.

DO WITH: (often with could)

I could do without a drink.

DRAW BACK: Retire, recoil.

It’s too late to draw back now; the plas are all made.

DRAW UP: To drive up and stop in front of near sth.

A police car drew up outside the building.
The car drew up at the kerb and the driver got out.

DRAW ON: Approach

The days become shorter as winter draws on.

DROP IN: Pay a short, very informal visit/ to visit somebody informally or without having told them you were coming.

We were in the area so we thought we’d drop in and see you.
Drop in for a cup of tea and a chat one day.
I’ll drop in to see you, one day next week.

DROP OUT (INFORMAL): Withdraw/ retire from a scheme or plan of the race.

One of the runners hurt his leg and dropped out of the race.
His injury forced him to drop out of the competition.

DROP OFF (INFORMAL): Become less, decrease/ to fall into a light sleep.

Alper and Onur must have dropped off in front of the monitor of the computer.
They were very keen on television at first but their interest has dropped off lately.

ENTER FOR: Become a competitor/condidate.

Two millions people have entered for the university.

ENTER INTO STH: To start to think or talk about sth.

I don’t want to enter into details now.

FADE AWAY: To disppear slowly.

The cheering of the crowd faded away.
The smile faded away from his face.

FALL APART: To break into pieces.

My uncle’s car falled apart.

FALL BEHIND: Slip into the near through inability to keep up with the others, fall to keep up an agreed rate of payments.

He fell behind with his rent and the landlord began to become impatient

FALL IN WITH: Meet by chance.

Yesterday, I fell in with a man who was at school with my father.

FALL OUT: Quarrel.

Let’s not fall out over such a little thing.

FALL ON: Attack violently.

The starving men fell on the food.

BE FED UP WITH: Be completely bored.

I’m fed up with the cold weather.
I’m fed up with wathing TV.

FILL STH IN: To complate a form, etc...by writing information on it.

The secretary asked:”Could you fill in the application, please?”

FILL STH UP: To become or to make sth completely full.

There weren’t many people at first, but then the room filled up.

FIND OUT: To get some information by asking or studying.

Have you found out how much the tickets cost?

FIND SB OUT: To discover that sb has done sth wrong.

He used a false name for years before they found him out.

FINISH SB/STH OFF (INFORMAL):To kill sb/sth.

The cat pounced and finished off the mouse.
He was losing his job that really finished him off.

FISH FOR STH: To Try to get sth you want in an indirecgt way.

FIT SB\STH IN: To find time to see sb or to do sth.

The doctor managed to fit me in this morning.
You’re tired because you’re trying to fit too much into one day.

FIX SB UP: (informal) To arrange for sb to have sth.

I can fix you up with a job, a car, a place tostay, etc...

FIZZLE OUT: To end in a weak or disappointing way.

The game started well but it fizzled out in the second half.

FLARE UP: 1-) (used about a fire) To suddenly burn more fiercely.

2-) (used about violence, anger, a person’s temper, etc...) To start suddenly or become worse.

FLASH BACK: To return suddenly to a time in the past.

Something he said made my mind flash back to my childhood.

FLOOD IN: To arrive in large numbers.

Entries for the competition have been flooding in.

FOIST STH ON: To force sb to accept sth that he\she doesn’t want.

FOLLOW STH THROUGH: To continue doing sth until it’s finished.

FOOL ABOUT/AROUND: To behave in a silly way.

Stop fooling around with that knife or someone will get hurt!

FORGE AHEAD: To go forward very quickly; to move into the leading position.

The cleverest pupils should be allowed to forge ahead. FRESHEN UP:To make sth cleaner.

FROST OVER/UP: To become covered with frast.

The window has frosted over.

FROWN ON/UPON STH: To think that is not good; to disapprove.

Smoking is very much frowned upon these days.

GAIN IN STH: To get more of sth.

He’s gained in confidence in the past year.

GANG UP ON SB: To join together with other people in order to act againist sb.

She felt that all har friends were ganging up on her.

GEAR STH TO: To make sth suitable for a particular purpose.

There is a special course geared towards the older learner.

GET ABOUT/AROUND: To move or travel to many places.

The U.S.A. this week, Japan next week, you certainly get around.

GET STH ACROSS: To succeed in making people understand sth.

The party failed to get its policies across to the voters.

GET AWAY: To succeed in leaving or escaping from sb or a place.

He kept talking to me and I couldn’t get away from him.
The thieves got away in a stolen car.

GET AWAY WITH STH/WITH DOING STH: To do sth bad and not be punished for it.

He lied but he got away with it.
I don’t know how they get away with charging such high prices.

GET BACK: To return to the place where you live or work.

When did you get back from Ankara?

GET BACK TO SB: To speak to, write to or phone sb later, especially in order to give an answer or deal with sth.

I’ll get back to you when I’ve got some more information.

GET BEHIND (WITH STH):To fail to do or produce sth on time.

We got behind with our rent.

GET SB DOWN: To make sb miserable.

These cold winter days get me down.

GET STH DOWN: To make a note of sth, to write sth down.

Did you get the address for the competition down.

GET IN: To reach a place.

What time does your train get in?

GET STH IN: To manage to find an opportunity to say or do sth.

He talked all the time and I couldn’t get a word in.

GET OFF: Be acquitted or receive no punishment.

The boy had to appear before a magistrate but he got off as it was his first offence.

GET ON: 1-) To progress or become succesful in life, in a career, etc...

After leaving the university, my causing was determinated to get on.

2-)To be getting old.

He’s getting on, he’s over 60.

3-)To be getting late.

Time is getting old.

GET ON/ALONG: 1-) To make progress.

How are you getting on in your course?

2-) To perform in a particular way or to have a good or bad experience in a particular situation.

How did you get on at your interview?

GET ON/ONTO STH: To climb onto sth.

I couldn’t get onto the bus, because it was full.